What condition is known to cause pitting of the nails?

• A. Psoriasis
• B. Lichen Planus
• C. Alopecia Areata
• D. Eczema

Answer: (A)

Pitting of the nails is most commonly associated with psoriasis. This condition is a chronic autoimmune skin disorder that not only affects the skin but can also lead to distinctive changes in the nails. Individuals with psoriasis may develop small depressions or pits on their nail surfaces, which occur as the formation of new keratin is disrupted. This nail alteration is directly linked to the underlying inflammation and abnormal keratinization that characterizes psoriasis.

While lichen planus, alopecia areata, and eczema can also affect the nails, they typically do not present with pitting as a primary feature. Lichen planus may cause nail thinning or ridges but is less frequently connected with pitting. Alopecia areata primarily affects hair follicles and may lead to some nail changes like ridges or white spots but does not usually result in pitting. Eczema, while it can affect the skin around the nails, does not directly cause nail pitting as a symptom. Therefore, the association of pitting with psoriasis is well-established, making it the correct choice.