What nail condition can result from excessive exposure to water?

• A. Onychorrhexis
• B. Onychoschizia
• C. Nail discoloration
• D. Onychomycosis

Answer: (B)

Excessive exposure to water can lead to onychoschizia, which is characterized by the splitting or layering of the nails. This condition occurs when the nails become overly hydrated and lose their natural oils, leading them to weaken and become brittle. Frequent soaking in water, as might happen with prolonged hand washing or working in wet conditions, can impair the structural integrity of the nails, increasing the likelihood of this splitting occurring.

In contrast, onychorrhexis refers to ridges or splits along the length of the nail but is typically related to underlying systemic issues or traumas rather than moisture alone. Nail discoloration can result from various factors, including infection or trauma, rather than solely from exposure to water. Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail that does not directly stem from water exposure but can thrive in moist environments. Therefore, onychoschizia is the most directly related condition to excessive water exposure.